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Buxus /ˈbuk.sus/

Common name: Boxwood · Box

Buxus is a genus of slow-growing evergreen shrubs and small trees native to Europe, Asia, Africa, and Central America. Boxwoods are prized for their dense, small-leaved foliage that responds exceptionally well to pruning. They are the classic plant for hedges, edging, and topiary in formal gardens.

Care summary

Sun Partial shade to full sun
Water Moderate; water deeply but infrequently
Soil Well-drained, neutral to slightly alkaline
Hardiness Zones 5–9
Mature height 0.3–6 m (1–20 ft) depending on species
Pet safe Toxic if ingested

Fun facts

  • Boxwood has been used in formal European gardens since Roman times.
  • The dense, fine-grained wood is prized for engraving blocks and musical instruments.
  • Some boxwood shrubs in historic gardens are over 300 years old.
  • Box blight and box tree moth are serious modern threats to boxwood plantings.

Common problems

    • Prune out and bag infected growth
    • Sanitize tools between every plant
    • Space plants for better air circulation
    • Inspect hedges regularly for webbing
    • Handpick green caterpillars on sight
    • Apply Bt spray during active feeding
    • Plant in free-draining amended soil
    • Avoid overwatering established hedges
    • Remove severely declining plants entirely