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Calathea

Common name: Calathea · Peacock plant · Rattlesnake plant

Calathea is a genus of rhizomatous perennials in the prayer plant family (Marantaceae), native to tropical South America. They are prized for some of the most intricately patterned leaves in the plant world, painted with stripes, spots, and feathered designs. They demand consistent moisture, humidity, and shade, making them rewarding but fussy houseplants.

Care summary

Sun Medium indirect light; avoid direct sun
Water Keep consistently moist; prefers distilled or rain water
Soil Peat-rich, well-draining mix
Hardiness Zones 11–12
Mature height 0.3–0.9 m (1–3 ft)
Pet safe Yes — non-toxic to cats and dogs

Fun facts

  • Calathea leaves fold upward at night and spread flat again in the morning, a movement called nyctinasty.
  • They are sensitive to fluoride and chlorine in tap water, which causes brown leaf tips — one reason growers use distilled water.
  • The undersides of many species' leaves are deep purple, a color revealed each evening when the leaves fold up.

Common problems

    • Raise humidity with a humidifier
    • Group plants together on pebble trays
    • Keep away from drafts and heaters
    • Water with filtered or distilled water
    • Flush soil monthly to remove salts
    • Rinse foliage in the shower
    • Wipe leaves with diluted neem oil
    • Raise humidity to deter mites
    • Let the top inch dry out
    • Repot into a chunky airy mix
    • Trim black mushy roots before repotting