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Iris /ˈiː.rɪs/

Common name: Iris · Flag · Fleur-de-lis

Iris is a large genus of flowering perennials with showy, intricate blooms, found across the Northern Hemisphere. Garden irises include bearded, Siberian, and Japanese types, among others, with flowers in nearly every color. The genus takes its name from the Greek goddess of the rainbow.

Care summary

Sun Full sun
Water Low to moderate; keep rhizomes dry in summer
Soil Well-drained, neutral to slightly acidic
Hardiness Zones 3–9
Mature height 0.15–1.2 m (0.5–4 ft) depending on type
Pet safe Toxic if ingested

Fun facts

  • The iris is the inspiration for the fleur-de-lis, a symbol of French royalty.
  • Orris root, made from iris rhizomes, is used in perfumery and in gin making.
  • The iris is the state flower of Tennessee.
  • Bearded irises have a fuzzy "beard" on their falls that guides pollinators to nectar.

Common problems

    • Plant rhizomes at the soil surface
    • Cut away and discard soft tissue
    • Improve drainage around the bed
    • Remove dead foliage in autumn
    • Squish borers inside folded leaves
    • Dig up and destroy infested rhizomes
    • Remove spotted leaves promptly
    • Avoid overhead watering in summer
    • Divide clumps every three to four years
    • Replant rhizomes in full sun