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Vaccinium /wakˈkiːniũː/

Common name: Blueberry

Vaccinium is a genus of flowering shrubs in the heath family (Ericaceae) that includes blueberries, cranberries, and bilberries. Cultivated blueberries are mainly highbush types (Vaccinium corymbosum) native to eastern North America. The shrubs bear bell-shaped spring flowers followed by blue-black berries with a characteristic waxy bloom.

Care summary

Sun Full sun to partial shade
Water Consistent moisture; shallow roots dry out quickly
Soil Strongly acidic (pH 4.5–5.5), organic, well-drained
Hardiness Zones 3–8 (varies by type)
Mature height 1–2 m (3–6.5 ft) for highbush varieties
Pet safe Non-toxic; berries safe for pets in moderation

Fun facts

  • Blueberries are one of the few fruit crops native to North America.
  • The blue "bloom" on the berries is a natural waxy coating that protects the fruit.
  • Blueberry bushes can live and produce fruit for 40 years or more.
  • Most varieties need 150–800 hours of winter chill to set fruit properly.

Common problems

    • Test and lower soil pH
    • Mulch with pine needles or bark
    • Use rainwater instead of tap water
    • Plant on raised mounded beds
    • Improve drainage before planting
    • Avoid overwatering established shrubs
    • Net bushes before berries color
    • Check and resecure netting regularly
    • Rake out mummified berries in fall
    • Apply fresh mulch in spring
    • Choose resistant cultivars where available